My ideal school free essay sample

PlaysStop, look and listen. Can you hear it? Do you feel the gush of anticipation, adrenaline and anxiety pumping through your veins? Yes, there definitely is teen spirit in the air! It is 7. 00am and teenagers of all shapes and sizes dressed in all shades imaginable pour into the entrance accompanied by the buzzing of the latest gossips. Uniforms, such a bore! Though free to dress in whatever attire we desire, we still have a dress code to follow. The warmth of welcome surrounds you when you step foot on the school’s entrance. You will not feel isolated as you can join many groups or societies to your liking. As the bell rings, clanging of lockers fill the air. School has commenced. First period, homeroom. Attendance would be rechecked since it was already registered from the main entrance by using the ‘matrix card’. The class teacher would read the announcements and before you know it, the second period bell has rung. We will write a custom essay sample on My ideal school or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First class; ‘English for Science and Technology’, our class headed to the computer lab to look for inventions and their inventors. This is one of our preparations for our class to perform on ‘Focus Day’. The theme our class chose was ‘Heroes’. We were to combine all the knowledge gained from previous lessons of all subjects to present on ‘Focus Day’. For this particular subject, we were to look up for the greatest inventors of our time. For English and Bahasa Melayu classes, we were to write scripts for a play we were to present on ‘Focus Day’. The play is going to be about a clash in time of where the heroes of the past and present are having a conference. It is going to be one hilarious play as it pokes fun of time and ideas of people in their era. Scenes such as a very aggressive Saidina Hamzah bin Abdul Mutallib trying to grasp the poetic teachings of Shakespeare would be one of the highlights of the play. In Art and Living Skills classes, we will be making props and costumes for our play. During these classes, we will collaborate with History lessons to make prop and costumes accurately according to the right periods. Seriously speaking, this project is ideal as it tests our application skills. Most of the time, we depend on our own research papers which we sustained from other sources, rather than referring to the textbooks, which only offer limited information. To me, it gave a satisfying feeling to delve deeper into subjects specifically. We must remember though, without the teachers’ endless efforts of pushing us to do our best, this project would have been harder. Automatically, this project is our homework and also accounts for 20% of our end-of-year exam marks. Riiiiiing, lunch time! Everybody heads to the shady garden at the back of our school with such a panoramic view of a waterfall flowing with glistening water and the shady trees protecting the grass from the glaring sun. Lunch can either be bought from the vending machine which offers a variety of food ranging from ‘nasi lemak’ comers to tea-time snacks for those staying for after school activities or you can ring your own food from home! This is my favourite time, as you can see people sharing and giving among friends. Together they sit, sharing storied of what has happened. Though my school is not massive, it is fully equipped with the latest technology. Even with the slick high tech gadgets such as ‘smart classrooms’, which automatically switches off any electrical appliances when the infra-red censors do not detect any human heat in the classroom, the school still feels very homey and does not reflect the cold stares of sleek devices that you would usually feel. I like the way everything is orderly and very well planned. Take for example the library; it is very systematic and easy to find books there as it follows the Dewey Decimal System and colour code. The school provides the best facilities. For example, the school provides a skateboarding rink for the skateboard enthusiasts, a swimming pool for those swim fans and many more. As I sit for my last period, I wished time would stop and let me stay in my school. This school makes me like coming here, not just to look for friends, but also to expand my boundaries of knowledge that is different from reading from the textbooks. The bell finally rang, and I woke up from my sleep. I looked around and saw the same blackboard with a boring textbook in front of me. Hmmm†¦. I must have been daydreaming about my ideal school again. If only it were true†¦

European Union †Organic Baby Food Market

European Union – Organic Baby Food Market Free Online Research Papers THE EUROPEAN UNION The EU consists currently of 27 member countries, which are in yellow. The blue indicates countries that either have special arrangements with the EU, or are on the way to becoming a member state. The EU countries are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The EU has over 23 recognised national languages spoken. This could be a considerable problem for the happy baby food company as each country would require different labelling in their own language, which involves translating and reprinting per area this could prove to be costly. We would recommend having split prints on each jar of the 4 most spoken languages which are English, French, Spanish, and German. German is the most widely spoken mother tongue as it is the official language of Germany, Austria and Switzerland and this covers 19% of the EU population. However, English is considered to be the most widely spoken language, which is about 49% of the population. The way in which the EU was created means there is a legal superstructure which governs other all member countries. Once a law is created member states are expected to introduce into their own legal system. This is a good thing for Happy Baby food as it means most likely once allowed into one country the rest should not be a problem. The EU has a trading mark called the CE which once given means that you product has met EU consumer safety, health or environmental requirements. It is estimated that the population of the EU will increase to 491,582,852 by July 2009 and the population is growing at the rate of 0.108%. The population of children age 0-14 years is 15.44% of the total population, which is approximately 75,900,000. Within this age group there are 38,975,981 males and 36,925,704 females. This means that happy baby food has a potential of gaining a large market share in the EU. Internally, the EU goals are to lower trade barriers between member states, adopt a common currency (Euro) and to move toward convergence of living standard. By having a common currency will make it easier for happy baby food as it does not have to deal with currency exchange. Internationally, the EU is aiming to strengthen Europe’s trade position and its political and economic power. However, because of the huge differences in per capita income between member states ($7,000 to $69,000) and historic national animosities, the EU has been facing some difficulties in devising and enforcing common policies and this could be a problem for happy baby food as it will need to follow the laws and policies of each individual country. The total GDP of the EU is $14.82 trillion in 2008, an increase of $0.16 trillion from previous year. The GDP per capita is $33,400 in 2008, which means that consumers are most likely to be able to afford to buy products from happy baby food. However, Happy Baby Food will need to look at individual country to find out their GDP per capita as some member states will be poorer than others. Also, this is most likely to affect the pricing of happy baby food. DEMOGRAPH: The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states. As of 1 January 2009, the population of the EU was about 499.7 million people. Many countries are expected to experience a decline in population over the coming decades, though this could be offset with new countries planning to join the EU within the next 20 years. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.1 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.5 children. The highest birth-rates are found in the Republic of Ireland with 14.33 births per thousand people per year and France with 12.73 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.18 births per thousand people per year. The EU faces challenges in its demographic future. Most concerns centre around two related issues; an ageing population, and overall population decline. The 2006 birth rate is 10 births per 1000 population, while the death rate is 10.1 deaths per 1000 people, making 2006 the first time in modern (non war) history where more people have died in Europe than were born. The total fertility rate is an internationally low 1.47 children born per female,] where fertility rates above 2 per female are generally needed to maintain the current population. These figures mean the population of the EU is expected to decrease, while also suggesting the average age of European society will grow ever higher. While this decline in population could be halted by allowing substantial immigration into the EU, this remains a difficult solution that many refuse to accept. A low fertility rate means retirement age workers are not entirely replaced by younger workers joining the workforce. The EU faces a potential future dominated by an ever-increasing population of retired citizens, without enough younger workers to fund (via taxes) retirement programs or other state welfare agendas. A low fertility rate, without supplement from immigration, also suggests a declining overall EU population, which further suggests economic contraction or even a possible economic crisis. While some media have noted the baby crisis in the EU, and some governments have noted the problem, the UN and other multinational authorities continue to warn of an impending crisis. STATISTICS: Age structure: (2006 est.) 0–14 years: 16.03% (male 37,608,010/female 35,632,351) 15–64 years: 67.17% (male 154,439,536/female 152,479,619) 65 years and over: 16.81% (male 31,515,921/female 45,277,821) Birth rate: 10.5 births/1,000 population 2005 Death rate: 9.6 deaths/1,000 population 2005 Net migration rate: 3.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population 2005 Marriage rate: 4.8 marriages/1,000 population 2005 Divorce rate: 2.0 divorces/1,000 population 2005 Sex ratio: (2006 est.) at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and older: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female Infant mortality rate: 2005 total: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births male: female: Life expectancy: 2005 total population: 78.9 years male: 75.8 years female: 81.9 years Total fertility rate: 1.43 children born/woman 2008 Live Births outside marriage: 33.0% of total live births 2005 MARRIAGE RATE DIVORCE RATE Caption: Life expectancy at birth for men and women in the EU-25 (1962–2004) Men Women 1962 67.2 72.9 1972 68.6 75.0 1982 70.3 77.2 1992 72.2 79.1 2002 74.8 81.1 2004 75.6 81.7 European Organic Food Market Growing consumer awareness about health issues and the potential benefits of a healthy diet, mixed with concerns about genetic engineering, have created an expanding market for natural and organic products. A look at the Mintel Global New Products Database reveals the European food industry is reacting to this increasing demand, with a number of new and interesting products appearing on the supermarket shelves in recent months After starting out as a niche market in the 1990s the organic baby food industry is now mainstream, worth more than  £150 million, as more parents say no to pesticides. The presence of pesticide residues is of particular concern in baby foods as infants have a much larger food intake per unit of body weight than adults, which means they potentially absorb more toxins Organic baby food is in vogue because parents everywhere want healthy, safe food for their children, and they are willing to pay for it. Organic baby food manufacturers prominently mention the fact that their products are free of commercial pesticides, a significant concern with conventionally grown produce. A January 2006 analysis by Consumer Reports, a US organization, concluded: â€Å"For those wanting to limit their childrens exposure to the pesticides, hormones, antibiotics, and other toxins found in some nonorganic products, organic baby food should be purchased as often as possible.† European Market, Brands, Label The European baby food market is toddling along as well, but the growth in organic baby foods is not as dramatic as in the US. The French are the worlds largest consumers of baby foods, buying about 95 kilos of baby food per year, according to the US Department of Agriculture. Theyre followed by consumers in Germany. Two companies are battling it out for European organic baby food market share: Germany’s HiPP and the UK’s Organix. HiPP, the European leader according to TNS, says it pioneered organic baby food. The Organix brand, â€Å"Goodies,† won the 2007/2008 Mother Baby award for â€Å"Best Baby Food.† In Germany, Holle competes with HiPP. The UK has a rash of organic baby food brands, including Fresh Daisy, So Baby and Truuuly Scrumptious. The reason that have made Organix Brand â€Å"Goodies† number one is the effective CRM after selling of the product. As it is obviously seen in the table below, ratings are directly related with ethical concerns’ level in each of the brand. If we are to compare the brands, we should give Hipp’s creating value by giving information with each product. In every Hipp Organic food product, it wrotes behing the package as: Please Note: The formulation of HiPP milk formulas has been changed in line with the new EC Directive and UK Regulations for infant and follow-on formulas which came into force last year. These changes have resulted in the powders having different densities and therefore the size of the scoops have changed. It is therefore important that you use the scoop included within the pack. HiPP Organic Infant milk is a nutritionally complete infant milk, providing the nourishment a baby needs from birth onwards. HiPP Organic Infant milk is intended to replace breastmilk when mothers cannot or choose not to breastfeed. It is recommended that it is used only on the advice of a doctor, midwife, health visitor, public health nurse, dietitian or pharmacist. Numico, a Dutch brand is regarded as the market leader in producing organic foods for EU. Table 4 European Organic Food brands Source: www.ethiscore.org, The higher the rating, the more ethical the brand. USDAs National Organic Program accredits certifiers and they, in turn, certify organic producers and processors. Other terms found on food labels, such as natural, free-range, and hormone-free, dont mean organic. Only food that has been certified to meet the USDA organic standards can be legally labeled organic. Company has met the standards required by USDA which are Baby food labeled USDA organic must meet standards set by the United States Department of Agriculture and be at least 95 percent organic, meaning that all but 5 percent of the content was produced without conventional pesticides and fertilizers. Organic food cant be irradiated (a one-time exposure to radiation intended to kill pathogens such as salmonella, listeria, or E. coli), genetically modified (a technique that alters a plants DNA), or produced with hormones or antibiotics. Animals used in meat products must be fed organically grown feed The profile of the consumer across the EU is changing with less stereo-typical consumer now consuming organics although, in the UK, just 8% of consumers account for over 60% of organic consumption. Even the largest players in the organic foods market seem to have a relatively poorly developed understanding of what really motivates the organic consumer and what might encourage them to buy organic products on a more regular basis and how sensitive they really are to price issues. There is evidence to suggest that consumers are becoming increasingly unsure as to what constitutes organic per se. Regulations on entering EU market from the US A consolidated, legal set of rules for organic farming and processing based on Council Regulation (EEC) 2092/91 exists and is considered a strength of organic farming policy in a large number of countries as it serves to protect organic farming and to safeguard consumers’ trust. This set of rules is supported by a well established and reliable inspection and certification system, which is also considered an asset of organic farming policy most countries involved. In these countries, the organic inspection and certification system seems to be credible among farmers and consumers. To communicate this credence the existence of one strong organic label is considered a merit of policy and an advantage for consumers as they are not confused by several labels. In the U.S., the 1990 Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) required that USDA establish national standards for U.S. organic products. The three goals of OFPA were to (1) establish standards for marketing organically produced products, (2) assure consumers that organic products meet a consistent standard, and (3) facilitate interstate commerce. The legislation targeted environmental quality by requiring that an organic production plan pay attention to soil fertility and regulate manure application to prevent water contamination. It also included environmental and human health criteria to evaluate materials used in organic production. Along with the USDA organic logo, the USDA National Organic Standards (NOS) were implemented on October 21, 2002, replacing the prior patchwork system of State organic standards . Both the EU and U.S. rely on accredited agents to certify organic farmers and handlers. The EU system is more complicated, largely because member states have some latitude as to how they approve and supervise certifying entities, resulting in a great deal of diversity among the states. A national authority from each member state certifies that organic products comply with EU law. These bodies, in turn, approve other entities that are allowed to certify organic production and handling processes. Most member states have government-approved private certification bodies, but some have public member state certification. In addition, some member states and certifiers have additional public or private standards, as well as standards for products not covered under the EU Regulation, such as fish and nonfood agricultural products. Some certifiers require stricter standards than those of the EU legislation. As a result, not all EU certificates are acceptable to each certification body. In cont rast, in the U.S., agents are accredited by USDA to carry out organic certification, and the certification process is well defined so that all farmers and handlers are certified according to the same standard. In December 2006, the federal government announced a unified regulation plan, after the European Union had threatened to ban Canadian produce. The Organic Products Regulations come into full force Dec. 14, 2008 The Canadian General Standards Board has published a substantial list of substances or techniques that are forbidden in either the production or handling stages, if a product is to earn the Canada Organic label. They include: All materials and products produced from genetic engineering. Synthetic pesticides, wood preservatives or other pesticides, except as specified in CAN/CGSB-32.31. Fertilizer or composted plant and animal material that contains a prohibited substance. Sewage sludge used as a soil amendment. Synthetic growth regulators. Synthetic allopathic veterinary drugs, including antibiotics and parasiticides, except as specified in this standard. Synthetic processing substances, aids and ingredients, and food additives and processing aids including sulphates, nitrates and nitrites, except as specified in CAN/CGSB-32.311. Ionizing radiation and forms of irradiation on products destined for food. Equipment, packaging materials and storage containers or bins that contain a synthetic fungicide, preservative or fumigant. Canadas biggest organic cash crop is wheat, half of which is exported to Europe. Most of the rest goes to the United States, which has had government regulations on organic farming for several years. The EU has also adopted tougher regulations on organic imports. After 2006, only countries on a list of those meeting EU guidelines have been allowed to sell their products in Europe. Canada was not on that list. The updated Canadian regulations were designed to allow access to the European market PACKAGING LABELING REGULATIONS IN ORGANIC FOOD MARKET IN EU Packaging Labelling Article 24 of 834/2007 provides that where a product is described as organic (that is at least 95% of its agricultural ingredients have been produced organically) the packaging (or tickets or labels at point of sale where products are sold loose) must carry an EU organic logo and a declaration of origin as specified in Article 24 of 834/2007. If less than 95% of the content of agricultural ingredients of a product has been produced organically the logo cannot be used. The logo may be used on products imported from third countries which comply with the 95% rule but it is not compulsory for such products. However, where third country organic products carry the EU logo they must also carry the declaration of origin. However, the operation of the provision of Article 24 on the logo and the declaration of origin has been deferred until 31 July 2010 pending the European Commission finalising a design for an appropriate EU organic logo . Packaging which complies with Council Regulation 2092/91 may continue to be used until 1 January 2012 provided that the product otherwise complies with the requirements of 834/2007 Research Papers on European Union - Organic Baby Food MarketAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePETSTEL analysis of IndiaPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Definition of Export QuotasThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Cars Produced at Eros Motors

We planned our strategy taking into consideration all the aspects of marketing, H. R, finance and operations. Marketing plays a very crucial role in this modern world so we promoted our products through various forms of media. We spent heavily at the start just because we wanted to make our presence felt in the market. We always believed that our team is of utmost importance to us, so we made sure that there is a balance between automation and workforce to maximize production. We also paid them well so that they remain motivated at all times and work towards the goal of the company. Training of employees is a must and this is necessary for the quality of the cars. We noticed that our Warranty claims were high, so by proper training this could have only been reduced. Research and Development is an important area and a good amount of money was spent over the years so that we develop better and environment friendly cars in the times to come. We made sure that the money is not spent on general RD rather we identified some key areas and invested in those constantly. Finance was an area of concern as we were incurring huge losses; we took necessary steps to improve this. We priced our products aggressively and planned production efficiently. As a result this gave us better sales. We also tried to cut down on costs, which gave us a better gross margin over the years. We started to make profits in the later years and this shows that our products have been well accepted by the market. We offered Alpha (medium) and Beta (large) cars in the beginning then we came up with Delta (city – hybrid) and lastly with Zeta (diesel – luxury). The luxury market was untapped and we thought we could do well by selling a small number of cars because the margins in a luxury car are huge. The offering was based on the market research and the demand in the market. The design of the cars kept on changing as requested by the customers. This showed that we were catering to all segments of the market in terms of offering and pricing. Our aim is to be a leading car manufacturer by creating stylish, reliable, eco friendly cars by following the principles of enhancing our team, extending our business and enlarging our market. To sustain in this competitive market we have to take into account what the competitor is doing and react accordingly by delivering a better product. The need of the hour is to connect with the customers. The world is moving towards alternative fuels and we will also try to come up with products that are environmental friendly keeping in mind the needs of the customer yet giving stylish, value for money and fuel efficient cars.

Enlightenment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Enlightenment - Essay Example Three modernists, Nietzsche, Freud, and Kafla, will show how personal feeling or interpretation dictated the modernist period in contrast to an enlightenment point of reality. Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher. Nietzsche promoted nihilism by proclaiming â€Å"God is dead† (Morgan, 36). Instead of interpreting God as an all powerful creator, Nietzsche believed God was used to create a society of morality without a purpose. While an individual from the enlightenment might reason that God and morality must exist for society to function smoothly, Nietzsche believed morality needed to be examined without the excuse of God. Nietzsche’s reality was looking into philosophical arguments that are still up for debate to this day. Unlike the reasoning of the enlightenment age, Nietzsche’s views are debatable. They cannot be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. Franz Kafka was a modernist writer. He was born in Germany. Instead of using reasoning in reality, Kafka wrote stories that today would be considered science fiction. An example is The Metamorphosis. In this story, Kafka had a traveling salesman turn into a huge insect (Kafka). An Enlightenment influenced thinker would never think of this plot, because humans cannot turn into huge insects. Kafka would have probably responded to this line of thinking by replying â€Å"not yet†. Modernists believe that not everything can be explained by human reasoning yet. The modernist keeps theorizing until the day their thoughts are proven. However the modernist does not stop thinking just because they cannot prove their theories. Sigmund Freud was a German doctor that pioneered psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. He theorized that every human has an id, ego, and superego. Freud also laid out different theories about human development like the anal complex, Oedipus complex, penal envy, and so forth. All of these theories, at the time, could not be proven. Today they cannot be proven, but the

Microeconomics (EC2021C) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Microeconomics (EC2021C) - Essay Example This paper focuses on the costs of a rise in minimum wage, the benefits of a rise in minimum wage and finally the effect of a rise in the minimum wage when the labor market is monopsonistic. The paper discusses the effect of this rise on the supply and demand curve on labor, effect on price, effect on the standard of living and how this increase will lead to unemployment and increased outsourcing in other lower minimum wage countries. We first analyze the effect of an increase in minimum wage rates on the supply and the demand for labor in a competitive market, in a competitive market demand increases when wages decline and demand declines when wage rates increase. Supply of labor increases when the wage rates rise, and that supply of labor decline when wage rates are reduced, therefore an increase in minimum wage rates will increase supply and reduce demand. From the above chart an increase in the minimum wage will lead to an increase in the supply of labor, the rationale behind this increase is because as minimum wage increase then more workers will be willing and also encouraged to work more labor hours and therefore supply of labor will increase. Considering that labor is factor of production ... t labor is factor of production and that firms will consider labor as a production cost then if the cost of labor increases then firms will demand less of labor, this can also be explained by the fact that firms will determine the optimal production point using the budget line and the isoquants, therefore an increase in cost of labor will lead to substitution of labor for capital and therefore less labor will be demanded, the diagram below demonstrates the effect of this increase on labor demand: From the above diagram it is evident that an increase in minimum wage will lead to a decline in the demand for labor, therefore this will result into less employment in an economy. Benefits of increased minimum wage: Standard of living: An increase in minimum wage will result into an increase in living standards, workers will now be paid higher wage rates and for this reason there will be a rise in living standards, this will be realized because workers will now have a larger disposable income and therefore can afford more in the economy. Motivation of workers: Workers in the economy will be more motivated, according to various studies increased wages result into increased motivation and therefore increased productivity of labor, when productivity of labor increases then the firm will benefit because the firm becomes more productive. Economic growth will also be realized due to increased productivity of laborers in the economy and therefore higher growth. Increased consumption: When minimum wage is increased consumers will experience a rise in their income, a rise in the income level also signifies a rise in the consumer disposable income, therefore as disposable income increases there will be a rise in the consumption levels in an economy. This will benefit the economy

Effect of pollution on heritage structure Essay Example for Free

Effect of pollution on heritage structure Essay This write up is a synopsis to the dissertation ,‘Effect of pollution on Delhi heritage structure Jantar Mantar. ’ It gives an overview of the contents that the final research paper is likely to cover the effect of different types of pollutions like air ,light, sound etc. pollutants on the materials used for construction of Jantar Mantar also the different techniques to prevent pollution in that area. Keywords : Effect, pollutants, techniques, Introduction: Heritage structures are known as identity of our nation as citizens of this country it is our duty to protect them. Jantar Mantar is one of the important heritage structures in Delhi. We generally use electrical devices or books to get information about time , astrological data, year calendar, position of sun, moon at particular days but in Jantar Mantar this data is conveyed directly through instruments placed their. Aim : To study effect of pollution on Delhi’s heritage structure Jantar Mantar. Objectives: †¢Study of different types of pollutants their effect on structure. †¢To study the different types of pollution level in that particular area. †¢To findout various techniques to preotect the structure from pollution. Scope of study: †¢Population in that area its effect on structure. †¢Climatic conditions of Delhi . †¢Study of different types of pollutions like sound pollution ,light pollution their effect on structure. †¢Materials used for structure 1. Properties of materials 2. Amount of usage †¢Timeline †¢Ways to prevent the structure from this damage Limitations of study: †¢To study the materials used for construction of â€Å"Jantar Mantar†. †¢Properties of materials . †¢Study of different pollutants their effect on structure. †¢Different types of pollutions affecting structure. †¢Different ways to control the pollution. Research Questions: †¢What is effect of population on the structure? 1. Due to increasing population daily usage of vehicles is increased that is increasing the air pollution level tremendously. †¢What are the materials used for construction? 1. White marble which is used at the top of red sandstone on which scale is Ingraved. †¢What are the different types of pollution affecting structure? 1. Air pollution 2. Sound pollution †¢Different types of pollutants affecting building 1. Sulphur dioxide, sulphates. 2. Nitrogen oxide, nitrates. 3. Chlorides, Carbon dioxide Ozone. If the level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is increased as much as the most pessimistic predictions, the increase in rainfall acidity this gas will cause is relatively minor. It is the reactions of other pollutant gases, such as sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, that produce the more acidic rainfall. Sulphur dioxide reacts with water in the atmosphere to produce sulphurous acid (H2SO3). This is what is popularly referred to as ‘acid rain’. †¢What are the different techniques to reduce the pollution? Methodology : Refrences: (n. d. ). Retrieved 09 12, 2013, from buildingconservation_files: www. buildingconservation_files. com

Marriage: Easy Divorce :: essays research papers

Marriage: Easy Divorce   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although I do not agree with getting married until you are positive that you want to have a huge commitment to another person, I favor the easier divorce. I think that a divorce is not really anyone's fault. (unless it is) The divorce should be done as quickly as possible in either case.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you find yourself getting married to the person that you thought you loved-but later on in life you find that you weren't ready for marriage, then it's not really anyone's fault. You may have made a mistake by getting married to quickly, but people make mistakes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sometimes, you may find that your spouse and you make better friends than husband and wife. That could happen and I'm sure it's probably already happened once or twice. In this case, it is not really anyone's fault. You just go on with life just as you always had before.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think that people shouldn't get married until they are totally positive that their spouse is the person that they want to have a lifetime commitment with. If they even think twice, then they are not ready for marriage. I know that not everyone will feel the same way that I do on this subject, but if everyone did, it could improve the divorce rate. I think that we should just get the divorce over with as quickly as possible and get to living our lives again.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I know someone's dad who got into a relationship with another woman. This person's mother got married at a very young age. She thought she was ready, but she wasn't. After being married and having three children, her husband told

Angela’s Ashes: a Memoir

Lankford 1 Michelle Lankford Angela’s Ashes: A Memoir 10/06/2012 Antagonists in Angela’s Ashes Philomena Flynn was Angela’s cousin. Philomena was one of the people who pressured Malachy McCourt Sr. to marry Angela Sheehan after their mishap when Angela first came to the United States resulting in a pregnancy out of wedlock. Instead of Philomena helping her cousin she tracked down Malachy to make the pregnancy Malachy’s problem. Philomena tracked down Malachy McCourt at a bar. Philomena stated to Frank McCourt,† Our cousin no sooner gets off the boat than you are at her.We have morals in Limerick, you know, morals. We’re not like jackrabbits from Antrim, a place crawling with Presbyterians,† (McCourt 16). Philomena also commented on how Malachy had an odd manner (McCourt 16). After the birth of Angela and Malachy’s first son, a party was given at Philomena’s house. Philomena made a statement to Angela, â€Å"I’d make sure there’s no more children. He don’t have a job, so he don’t, an’ never will the way he drinks. So†¦ no more children,† (McCourt 19). Philomena had her fill with her cousin after Angela gave birth to another child.Philomena and her family made it clear, â€Å"they wanted nothing to do with Angela until she came to her senses,† (McCourt 19). Years later Philomena intervenes in Angela’s life again. Philomena gets in contact with Angela’s mother, Margaret Sheehan, asking for money to send Angela and her family back to Ireland (McCourt 45). Philomena even goes as far as buying a steamer trunk and hiring a van to take the family to Lankford 2 the pier (McCourt 46). As Francis McCourt states,† It was good-bye and good riddance,† (McCourt 46).Angela McCourt, mother of the seven McCourt children, enabled her husband Malachy McCourt Sr. to be a drunk. No where throughout this memoir does she put her foot down, encour aging Malachy Sr. to quit drinking. Throughout the memoir, Angela rants and raves about Malchy Sr. , not providing food and money for his family. Angela states many times though out the story,† They’re gone to bed half hungry because you have to fill your belly with whiskey,† (McCourt 25). Angela goes as far as taking her children down the streets of Brooklyn and Limerick, going from pub to pub seeking her husband.When the family returns to Ireland, Angela spends more time in bed due to illness and or own depression over the loss of 3 of her children instead of taking care of the ones who are alive. Angela takes to her oldest children down a road in search of coal to light a fire (McCourt 69) instead of demanding Malachy Sr. find gainful employment. Angela allows her eldest son, Francis McCourt to be the one who provides the care to his younger siblings. When Malachy McCourt Sr. , goes away to England to work, Angela shacks up with one of her cousins, Laman Griffi n, and has an extramarital affair while her children are in another room.The children hear them â€Å"talking, grunting and moaning,† (McCourt 291). Angela also has no problem allowing her eldest son to find gainful employment to help support the household while Malachy McCourt Sr. is in England sending no money. Angela receives welfare and charity most of the story instead of finding employment herself to support her family. Angela spent most of her time fixating on her losses rather than trying to figure out keeping her family together. Lankford 3 Malachy McCourt Sr. , from Toome, County Antrim (McCourt 12) was an Irish drunk. Malachy Sr. pent most of his years in a bar or pub spending whatever money he earned. Even after he married Angela and had seven children, he couldn’t resist the alcohol. The eldest child, Francis,† knew his father was always out looking for work, came home with smell of whiskey on his breath, and sang songs about Ireland suffering,†(McCourt 22). Angela always has hopes that Malachy Sr. could resist the pub and bring home his pay to support his family (McCourt 95). There comes a time in the story when the McCourt’s have their last child and Malachy’s Sr. ‘s father sends five pounds. Malachy Sr. cashes the money order and spends the money at the pub,† (McCourt 183). Even though Malachy Sr. is a chronic alcoholic his children and Angela love him. It is stated by Francis McCourt,† I think my father is like the Holy Trinity with three people in him, the one in the morning with the paper, the one at night with the stories and prayers, and then the one who does the bad thing and comes home with the smell of whiskey and wants us to die for Ireland,† (McCourt 210). Malachy Sr. , has a hard time finding working in Limerick, Ireland because he as a northern Irish accent.Northern Irish people aren’t accepted in Limerick due to their non-catholic religion and affiliation with t he English. Malachy Sr. eventually leaves his family and heads to England for work. Malachy Sr. seldom sends his pay, causing his family to have to beg from charities. It was said by Mr. Downes, â€Å"Malachy McCourt is gone pure mad with the drink, that he squanders his wages in pubs all over the Coventry,† (McCourt 230). Towards the end of the novel, Francis McCourt makes the statement,† He’s not coming, Mam. He doesn’t care about us. He’s just a drunk over there in England,† (McCourt 269). Malachy Sr. s many years of frequenting the pub have caused his family to starve, move to one room shacks, and to rely on others to help support his family. Lankford 4 The McCourt family belonged to low social class. They were poor. They lived in poverty. The McCourt family was rejected on many things because of their social class. Angela McCourt was nearly denied assistance from St. Vincent De Paul Society because they are â€Å"Yankees and thereâ€℠¢s barely enough charity for the poor people of Limerick,† (McCourt 63). Francis McCourt is denied being an altar boy, as Angela states,† I’ll tell you what it is, she says. Tis class distinction. They don’t want boys from the lanes on the altar,† (McCourt 149). The McCourt boys are constantly made fun of because of the rags they wear for clothes, shoes that have holes in them fixed with rubber tires by Malachy Sr. McCourt (McCourt 105) and even as far as having to eat a pig’s head for Christmas and carrying it through the lanes while other kids point and laugh and make jokes (McCourt 98). Poverty is the biggest antagonist in this memoir. The McCourt’s lived in one-room shacks that contained a fireplace, table, 3 chairs and 1 bed which had to accommodate six people. McCourt 59). Most of the McCourt’s meals consisted of tea and bread (McCourt 24) while Malachy McCourt spent his earnings in a pub. The McCourt’s were so poor t hat they filled the infant’s bottles with sugar and water (McCourt 36). While in the United States, many of the McCourt’s neighbors would bring extra food over to support the McCourt household (McCourt 41). In Ireland, Malachy McCourt Sr. goes to the Labour Exchange for the dole to provide some type of income for his family (McCourt 63). Angela McCourt proceeds to go to St. Vincent de Paul to get assistance.Angela is given a docket for a weeks worth of groceries (McCourt 66). The McCourts have to search down roads in order to find coal to have a fire and warmth (McCourt 69). In one of the dwellings the McCourt’s reside at, they must share a lavatory with the whole lane (McCourt 103). Angela McCourt is ashamed of how her family looks â€Å"with the Lankford 5 dirty old torn shirts, raggedy ganseys, broken shoes, and holes in their stockings,† (McCourt 231). Angela McCourt is forced also to be a beggar, as stated by Francis McCourt,† This is worse tha n the dole, The St.Vincent de Paul Society, and the Dispensary. It’s the worst kind of Shame,† (McCourt 250). Many times throughout the memoir Francis McCourt himself has stolen food such as stealing bananas from the Italians in Brooklyn (McCourt 32), stealing fish and chips from a drunken man (McCourt 184), acquiring lemonade from pubs for his mother (McCourt 236), and stealing food off people’s front doors (McCourt 238) to provide food for his family while his father is away in England not supporting his family. The poverty the McCourt’s faced caused illnesses and deaths in this family.It caused hospitalizations for Angela and Francis. This family was near starvation most of Francis McCourts childhood to teenage years. Francis McCourt is what held the family together. Francis McCourt’s life began in the United States and in the end of this memoir he ended up back in the U. S. Francis McCourt had many struggles while growing up. Francis had to deal with poverty, deaths of his younger siblings as well as friends, typhoid and conjunctivitis, his alcoholic father, religion and its hypocrisy.Francis learned that the only he was going to get anywhere was to be a hard worker and he waited year after year until he was finally able to work at 14 yrs old. The story told by Francis McCourt and his upbringing shows that if you work hard enough to achieve your dreams you will accomplish them regardless of what obstacles or mountains you have to climb. Look what Mr. Francis McCourt had to endure to make his dreams come true. He had a dream to return to the United States; A dream that he fulfilled at last. Lankford 6 Works Cited McCourt, Frank. Angela’s Ashes. 1st ed. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996. Print

Oliver Twist- Development Phase Essay

In our drama class, our teacher Mrs. Oteng had asked us to develop on our performance of Oliver Twist. We had previously performed the response phase which was a role play with the main scenes of the novel by Charles Dickens. In the topic of crime in society, in which we were covering, the novel of ‘Oliver Twist’ had allowed the class to have an insight of crime in the olden periods compared to today. By seeing the angle in both perspectives, it allowed the class to realise the consequences today and before and how crime affected lives. The development phase was all based on developing the performance with the use of light, props, tone, levels and music. The change in the play would allow the audience to see how these strategies changed the emotion in a play and how it bought life to it. The people who I decided to work with were Vishna, Daanish and Moshgan. We worked well together and everyone in the group had imaginative ideas. With the idea of bringing out a different side to each character we enhanced the performance by taking on the role of just a few of the characters and showing a complete opposite to what they are really like. Bill Sikes was played by Daanish in the first scene. He played the usual murderer who killed without mercy and who never looked back. However, I played a homosexual and sensitive Bill Sikes who was the complete opposite to him. In this case I was his conscience and I was playing the same way he was but in my own version. This allowed the audience to see what a different personality of Bill would have done to the real play of Oliver Twist. Similarly, Vishna played Nancy as the gentle and kind-hearted woman we knew, while Moshgan played the cold-hearted, stuck-up complete opposite to the real character to Nancy. By doing this we could keep to the same storyline but we allowed the audience to see what it was like if the characters had a little change in their personality. We also focused on the relationship between Nancy and Bill Sikes. In the novel, they had a loveless and tactless relationship, while in our play we took it from the real angle and in a real, loving relationship. This created a contrast in the play which allowed the audience to see both perspectives. This was the aim of our play and I believe the audience easily understood that. I believe that our group did extremely well and the audience enjoyed it. It was one of the most complicated plays to put together because of the changes in the scenes and the change of characters as a group. However, the use of props allowed each of the characters to be distinguished easily and the audience understood who each one of us was; more efficiently. I wore a tight shirt, which showed my homosexual character and the way in which I was holding my body was convincing. Daanish wore a puffy jacket which showed his authority and toughness. Moshgan wore a tight pink top which showed of her body which showed that she was a prostitute while Vishna wore neutral clothes which did not need to reveal much. The use of props really helped to enhance our drama. Towards the end of our drama, Mrs. Oteng played a piece of sad and somber music which really enhanced our drama when Nancy was getting beaten by Bill Sikes which lead to her death. The music made the audience feel more connected to the drama and the music added emotion to the drama and bought sympathy for Vishna’s character. We did not use light in our performance as we found it was unnecessary. However, we used different tones in our voices’ and we used different levels on stage and even off stage. We used the explorative strategies well enough for top marks. On a whole, our class had many individual thought-tracks which showed how I characters felt which was equally as important. My thought-tracks were very comedic which made the audience laugh after all the violence and upsetting scenes which were to follow. By saying things like, ‘I shave the hairs on my chest’, made the audience laugh. I believe that a little humour would ease the audience a little bit and that is why I was the only comedic character as we had to keep to the topic of crime. Under the topic of ‘Crime in Society’, I believe that our play showed domestic violence the most and this was our main focus. Domestic violence occurs a lot in today’s society but also in the olden days. The points we were conveying were that it was as bad then, then as today. On a whole, I was pleased with my group’s performance and I enjoyed working with them. I was now told to observe another groups performance and comment on the way in which they developed their drama. The group that I decided to observe was with Louise, Mohammed, Aiman, Sumhar, Anthony and Maya. This group had six people and I believed that they worked very well together to come up with a performance which included everybody. They changed Sumhar’s role as ‘Oliver Twist’ to Olivia Twist. Each character kept in role and they used the drama equally as well. Each of the character’s thought-tracked and they used levels and tones in their voices to enhance their drama. Their play was based on the scene where Olivia gets kidnapped by Fagin and Bill Sikes for Nancy’s pleasure. Nancy played by Maya had also changed her role from being a nice, kind-hearted woman to a frail, evil woman. This was similar to our group’s idea and this was effective as only one of the characters had changed personality. I loved watching this performance, each c haracter was in role and I understood the storyline very well. The aspect of Crime in Society in this play was based on kidnappings, people owing money, poverty and how this all leads to deaths in society. On a whole, I believe that by developing the play of ‘Oliver Twist’, I learnt the consequences of crime in the olden days. I t also taught me how to enhance a play by taking a simple idea from a particular scene and by working on it to show the audience something they might not have realised or understood as much. I enjoyed working on the development phase and I believe that by developing the performance we encounter more. I would like to work on developing a performance in the future and I liked this part of the workshop the most.

Using the Switch Statement for Multiple Choices in Java

Using the Switch Statement for Multiple Choices in Java If your Java program needs to make a choice between two or three actions, an if, then, else statement will suffice. However, the if, then, else statement begins to feel cumbersome when there are a number of choices a program might need to make. There are only so many else...if statements you want to add before the code begins to look untidy. When a decision across multiple options is required, use the switch statement. The Switch Statement A switch statement allows a program the ability to compare the value of an expression to a list of alternative values. For example, imagine you had a drop-down menu that contained the numbers 1 to 4. Depending on which number is chosen, you want your program to do something different: //lets say the user picks number 4int menuChoice 4;switch (menuChoice){ case 1: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 1.); break; case 2: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 2.); break; case 3: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 3.); break; //This option gets chosen because the value 4 matches the value of //the menuChoise variablecase 4:Â  JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 4.);Â  break; default: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Something went wrong!); break;} If you look at the syntax of the switch statement you should notice a few things: 1. The variable containing the value that needs to be compared to is placed at the top, inside the brackets. 2. Each alternative option starts with a case label. The value to be compared against the top variable comes next, followed by a colon. For example, case 1: is the case label followed by the value 1 - it could just as easily be case 123: or case -9:. You can have as many alternative options as you need. 3. If you look at the above syntax, the fourth alternative option is highlighted - the case label, the code it executes (i.e., the JOptionPane) and a break statement. The break statement signals the end of the code that needs to be executed. If you look, youll see that every alternative option ends with a break statement. Its very important to remember to put in the break statement. Consider the following code: //lets say the user picks number 1int menuChoice 1;switch (menuChoice)case 1: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 1.);case 2: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 2.);break;case 3: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 3.); break;case 4: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose number 4.); break;default: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Something went wrong!); break;} What you expect to happen is to see a dialog box saying You chose number 1, but because there is no break statement matching the first case label, the code in the second case label also gets executed. This means the next dialog box saying You chose number 2 will also appear. 4. There is a default label at the bottom of the switch statement. This is like a safety net in case none of the values of the case labels match the value being compared with it. Its very useful to provide a way of executing code when none of the desired options are chosen. If you always expect one of the other options to be chosen, then you can leave out the default label, but to put one at the end of every switch statement you create is a good habit to get into. It might seem unlikely that it will ever be used but mistakes can creep into the code and it can help to catch an error. Since JDK 7 One of the changes to the Java syntax with the release of JDK 7 is the ability to use Strings in switch statements. Being able to compare String values in a switch statement can be very handy: String name Bob;switch (name.toLowerCase()){ case joe: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Good morning, Joe!); break; case michael: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Hows it going, Michael?); break; case bob: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Bob, my old friend!); break; case billy: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Afternoon Billy, hows the kids?); break; default: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Pleased to meet you, John Doe.); break;} When comparing two String values, it can be a lot easier if you make sure they are all in the same case. Using the .toLowerCase method means all the case label values can be in lowercase. Things to Remember About the Switch Statement The type of the variable to be compared against must be a char, byte, short, int, Character, Byte, Short, Integer, String, or enum type. The value next to the case label cannot be a variable. It has to be a constant expression (e.g., an int literal, a char literal). The values of the constant expressions across all the case labels must be different. The following would result in a compile-time error: switch (menuChoice){ case 323: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose option 1.); break; case 323: JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, You chose option 2.); break; There can only be one default label in a switch statement. When using an object for the switch statement (e.g., String, Integer, Character) make sure it is not null. A null object will result in a runtime error when the switch statement is executed.

Supervision in the Criminal Justice Field Essay - 2

Supervision in the Criminal Justice Field - Essay Example These groups administer and monitor the proceedings of the criminal justice system (Dike, 2012). However, when these groups manage, assist, monitor and supervise the criminal justice system, there are more chances that they will achieve their goals quicker and more efficiently. Thus, if the criminal justice system stakeholders supervise effectively, it is bound to bring a social and ethical impact on the system. Criminal justice system deals with highly unethical people who have violated someone’s rights and thus are in great need to be under rehabilitation facilities and therapies. The social and ethical aspect of these criminals’ lives is very important which is why the goal of the supervision and management committees is to impact these aspects positively and advance the criminal justice system (Kalinich, 2011). The criminal justice stakeholders may include a number of people who are required to administer the complex system. Good management and supervision in a system is always effective for the ones who carry it out and the ones for whom it is planned. Criminal justice system is one of those systems where supervision is not only difficult but also very important. The criminal justice system deals with the criminals who need proper supervision in accordance to their crimes. Those criminals who are involved in serious crimes such as rape and murder need intense supervision which ensures that they are protected from the other members of the society and that they are provided rehabilitation to improve their social and ethical behaviour (Schroder and Lombardo, 2012). The criminal justice system management takes place by the many people involved in the process of management for betterment. The positions in the criminal justice system are that of police officers, law enforcement agencies, parole officers and other people who work for the management and supervision of

Theories of the Disappearance of Quenn Hatshepsut Essay

Theories of the Disappearance of Quenn Hatshepsut - Essay Example They named him Tuthmosis II who was named heir. The reign of Queen Hatshepsut was one that was intriguing. There are many mysteries that surround her reign in power. It is suspected that her nephew, Thutmose the Third, overtook his inheritance when he was young to become a king. Further accomplishments of the queen were cut short by her disappearance under mysterious circumstances. This was after rising to power, and her nephew immediately took reign and control of the throne. It has been for long speculated that he assassinated her to take control of the throne. This paper is a brief summary of the theories that try to explain her mysterious disappearance. The Evil Stepmother Theory There are many speculations as to why her name was removed from all records. They range from a view that Thutmose III took her to be a wicked stepmother in the dynasty struggle between the two families. There is a tale of how the queen seized power; the resistance of Tuthmosis III to her reign is evident in the way he swiftly ordered the destruction of all of her monuments. The animosity between the two leaders was even present in some early papers that describe the excavations that were produced by the Exploration Society of Egypt in the 1890s. The theory of the wicked stepmother became more dominant in the writing of the queen’s history (Strouhal & Forman, 2006). ... This theory comes into play because of the fact that after Thutmose the Third came to power, he ordered any record of his aunt to be removed completely. He did not want anything to do with her, and this is despite the fact that during her reign, she had achieved many accomplishments that helped the Egyptian society to be successful and grow for many years (Egypt Exploration Society, 2001). The resentment that he had for her could have played a significant part in her disappearance. However, some people believe that he decided to silence everything about his aunt to protect the family’s name. Early scholars, however, believe that Thutmose III had her killed since she had refused to step down as pharaoh when he came of age (Egypt Exploration Society, 2001). Death by Natural Causes Many scholars have speculated that the queen aged and died of natural causes, and after her death, the natural selection of her successor took place, where Thutmose III took charge. The corpse of the q ueen was for many years hidden by Tuthmosis III and buried in secret. It was believed that there was nothing that was left of her body, apart from some fragments that were found in a canopic jar. Archeologists did, however, find a mummified body in the Valley of the Kings that was suspected to be the queen’s. This was later confirmed by a lot of evidence and DNA testing. Some scholars believe that she died of natural causes, and this explained why her liver and other internal body parts were found separate from the body and stored in a jar. Others believe that she died from an abscess after the removal of a tooth (Burgan, 2009). Protection of the Family Name Another accepted theory suggests that Tuthmosis III wanted to cover